2025
Conides, Alexis; Cotou, Efthimia; Klaoudatos, Dimitris; Glamuzina, Branko
An Innovative Metal–Synthetic Hybrid Thread for the Construction of Aquaculture Nets Journal Article
In: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 1384, 2025, ISSN: 2077-1312.
@article{conides_innovative_2025,
title = {An Innovative Metal–Synthetic Hybrid Thread for the Construction of Aquaculture Nets},
author = {Alexis Conides and Efthimia Cotou and Dimitris Klaoudatos and Branko Glamuzina},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/8/1384
/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/2025-Conides-MSciEng-43.pdf},
doi = {10.3390/jmse13081384},
issn = {2077-1312},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-08-27},
urldate = {2025-09-03},
journal = {Journal of Marine Science and Engineering},
volume = {13},
number = {8},
pages = {1384},
abstract = {Based on the experience gained worldwide from potential solutions to the fouling problem of fisheries and aquaculture infrastructure, we attempted to design, construct and test the antifouling efficiency of a new hybrid filament created from non-laminated copper wire braided with synthetic fibers made of Dyneema. The design involved the creation of a hybrid twine substituting a percentage of the synthetic fibers with 0.1–0.15 mm diameter copper wire at 5%, 10%, 20% and 40% levels. There is limited information in the international literature for comparison with our results, since there has never been any attempt to create such a hybrid net. The results showed that for the 6 mm mesh, the maximum openness obtained after the 8-month experimental period was 8.72%, with Cu wire substitution at 35%. For the 12 mm mesh, these values were 27.07% at 26%, and for the 20 mm mesh, they were 33.68% at 28%. A conservative average independent from mesh size to achieve optimum openness in the long term is 30 ± 4.73% Cu wire substitution. In addition, we found that both the mesh size (mm) and the copper substitution percentage affected the fouling process during the experimental period, which lasted 8 months.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Based on the experience gained worldwide from potential solutions to the fouling problem of fisheries and aquaculture infrastructure, we attempted to design, construct and test the antifouling efficiency of a new hybrid filament created from non-laminated copper wire braided with synthetic fibers made of Dyneema. The design involved the creation of a hybrid twine substituting a percentage of the synthetic fibers with 0.1–0.15 mm diameter copper wire at 5%, 10%, 20% and 40% levels. There is limited information in the international literature for comparison with our results, since there has never been any attempt to create such a hybrid net. The results showed that for the 6 mm mesh, the maximum openness obtained after the 8-month experimental period was 8.72%, with Cu wire substitution at 35%. For the 12 mm mesh, these values were 27.07% at 26%, and for the 20 mm mesh, they were 33.68% at 28%. A conservative average independent from mesh size to achieve optimum openness in the long term is 30 ± 4.73% Cu wire substitution. In addition, we found that both the mesh size (mm) and the copper substitution percentage affected the fouling process during the experimental period, which lasted 8 months.
2024
Cotou, Efthimia; Miliou, Helen; Chatzoglou, Evanthia; Schoina, Eirini; Politakis, Nektarios; Kogiannou, Dimitra; Fountoulaki, Eleni; Androni, Afrodite; Konstantinopoulou, Aggeliki; Assimakopoulou, Georgia; Nathanailides, Cosmas
In: Fishes, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 69, 2024, ISSN: 2410-3888.
@article{cotou_growth_2024,
title = {Growth Performance and Environmental Quality Indices and Biomarkers in a Co-Culture of the European Sea Bass with Filter and Deposit Feeders: A Case Study of an IMTA System},
author = {Efthimia Cotou and Helen Miliou and Evanthia Chatzoglou and Eirini Schoina and Nektarios Politakis and Dimitra Kogiannou and Eleni Fountoulaki and Afrodite Androni and Aggeliki Konstantinopoulou and Georgia Assimakopoulou and Cosmas Nathanailides},
url = {https://imbbc.hcmr.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/2024-Cotou-et-al-Fishes-11.pdf
https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/2/69
},
doi = {10.3390/fishes9020069},
issn = {2410-3888},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-02-27},
urldate = {2024-02-28},
journal = {Fishes},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {69},
abstract = {This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system comprising co-cultured fed fish and organic extractive species representing three distinct trophic levels as well as the impact and potential utilization of two commercially available fish feeds made up of 35% fish meal (FM) and 20% fish meal (LFM) ingredients, using a multi-indicator assessment approach. Significant alterations were observed in growth performance indicators (GPIs), water and sediment quality indices, toxicity tests and biomarkers within the IMTA system. The fish survival, weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR) were higher in the IMTA system with significantly lower feed conversion ratios (FCRs) and higher feed efficiency (FE) in comparison to the fed fish monoculture system. Yet, organic filter feeders displayed 100% survival, and increased shell growth, while deposit feeders exhibited successful survival and significant weight gain. In the comparison between FM-IMTA and LFM-IMTA, fed fish in FM-IMTA showed higher WG, SGR, and FE with lower FCR. Environmental parameters like temperature, oxygen, and nutrient concentrations fluctuated but generally improved in the IMTA system, indicating lower mesotrophic conditions. Sediment fatty acid profiles differed between systems and toxicity assessments, which suggested a lower impact in IMTA and FM-IMTA systems. The sediment microbial community displayed high similarity within IMTA systems and between FM-IMTA and LFM-IMTA. These findings underscore the potential of IMTA systems for sustainable aquaculture, emphasizing improved growth performance and reduced environmental impact, particularly when using fish meal feeds.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system comprising co-cultured fed fish and organic extractive species representing three distinct trophic levels as well as the impact and potential utilization of two commercially available fish feeds made up of 35% fish meal (FM) and 20% fish meal (LFM) ingredients, using a multi-indicator assessment approach. Significant alterations were observed in growth performance indicators (GPIs), water and sediment quality indices, toxicity tests and biomarkers within the IMTA system. The fish survival, weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR) were higher in the IMTA system with significantly lower feed conversion ratios (FCRs) and higher feed efficiency (FE) in comparison to the fed fish monoculture system. Yet, organic filter feeders displayed 100% survival, and increased shell growth, while deposit feeders exhibited successful survival and significant weight gain. In the comparison between FM-IMTA and LFM-IMTA, fed fish in FM-IMTA showed higher WG, SGR, and FE with lower FCR. Environmental parameters like temperature, oxygen, and nutrient concentrations fluctuated but generally improved in the IMTA system, indicating lower mesotrophic conditions. Sediment fatty acid profiles differed between systems and toxicity assessments, which suggested a lower impact in IMTA and FM-IMTA systems. The sediment microbial community displayed high similarity within IMTA systems and between FM-IMTA and LFM-IMTA. These findings underscore the potential of IMTA systems for sustainable aquaculture, emphasizing improved growth performance and reduced environmental impact, particularly when using fish meal feeds.
2020
Pérez, José A; Papadakis, Ioannis E; Papandroulakis, Nikos; Cruces, Lorenzo; Cotou, Efthimia; Gisbert, Enric; Lorenzo, Antonio; Mylonas, Constantinos C; Rodríguez, Covadonga
In: Aquaculture Nutrition, pp. anu.13128, 2020, ISSN: 1353-5773, 1365-2095.
@article{perez_ontogeny_2020,
title = {The ontogeny of greater amberjack digestive and antioxidant defence systems under different rearing conditions: A histological and enzymatic approach},
author = {José A Pérez and Ioannis E Papadakis and Nikos Papandroulakis and Lorenzo Cruces and Efthimia Cotou and Enric Gisbert and Antonio Lorenzo and Constantinos C Mylonas and Covadonga Rodríguez},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/anu.13128},
doi = {10.1111/anu.13128},
issn = {1353-5773, 1365-2095},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-09-01},
urldate = {2020-10-05},
journal = {Aquaculture Nutrition},
pages = {anu.13128},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Tsertou, M I; Chatzifotis, S; Fontanillas, R; Cotou, E; Fountoulaki, E; Antonopoulou, E; Katharios, P
In: Aquaculture, vol. 521, pp. 735052, 2020, ISSN: 00448486.
@article{tsertou_effect_2020,
title = {The effect of dietary vitamin D3, minerals (Ca, P) and plant-protein sources in the development of systemic granulomatosis in meagre (Argyrosomus regius, Asso, 1801)},
author = {M I Tsertou and S Chatzifotis and R Fontanillas and E Cotou and E Fountoulaki and E Antonopoulou and P Katharios},
url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0044848619326626},
doi = {10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735052},
issn = {00448486},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-05-01},
urldate = {2020-08-31},
journal = {Aquaculture},
volume = {521},
pages = {735052},
abstract = {Systemic Granulomatosis (SG) affects the majority of cultured meagre (Argyrosomus regius). This pathological condition, whose aetiology is still not known, is identified by multiple granulomas in a variety of organs that become calcified and necrotic with time. The available evidence supports the hypothesis that SG is a metabolic disorder associated with nutritional imbalances, and the present study examined the role of dietary vitamin D3, minerals (Ca, P) and plant-protein sources in the development of the disease. The use of plant-protein in the diet formulation exacerbated the progression of SG, while vitamin D3 did not prevent its occurrence. On the other hand, the severity of SG was improved by increasing the P content in the feed. However, the exact irritant that causes this inflammatory response in meagre is still unknown and more research needs to examine other nutritional factors.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Systemic Granulomatosis (SG) affects the majority of cultured meagre (Argyrosomus regius). This pathological condition, whose aetiology is still not known, is identified by multiple granulomas in a variety of organs that become calcified and necrotic with time. The available evidence supports the hypothesis that SG is a metabolic disorder associated with nutritional imbalances, and the present study examined the role of dietary vitamin D3, minerals (Ca, P) and plant-protein sources in the development of the disease. The use of plant-protein in the diet formulation exacerbated the progression of SG, while vitamin D3 did not prevent its occurrence. On the other hand, the severity of SG was improved by increasing the P content in the feed. However, the exact irritant that causes this inflammatory response in meagre is still unknown and more research needs to examine other nutritional factors.
Kokou, Fotini; Bastias, Roberto; Kokkari, Konstantina; Katharios, Pantelis; Cotou, Efthimia; Seimenis, Nikos; Vasilakis, Manolis; Papandroulakis, Nikos; Henry, Morgane; Rigos, George
Surplus of dietary micronutrients promotes antioxidant defense and improves fin erosions in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fry Journal Article
In: Aquaculture, vol. 523, pp. 735224, 2020, ISSN: 0044-8486.
@article{kokou_surplus_2020,
title = {Surplus of dietary micronutrients promotes antioxidant defense and improves fin erosions in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fry},
author = {Fotini Kokou and Roberto Bastias and Konstantina Kokkari and Pantelis Katharios and Efthimia Cotou and Nikos Seimenis and Manolis Vasilakis and Nikos Papandroulakis and Morgane Henry and George Rigos},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848619330868},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735224},
issn = {0044-8486},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Aquaculture},
volume = {523},
pages = {735224},
abstract = {Dietary micronutrient supplementation can serve as skin health promotor to prevent from natural infections and can be applied to decrease the use of antibacterial agents and their impact on the environment. Such supplementation has indicated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in farmed fish. In this study, dietary supplementation of zinc, selenium, ascorbic acid and niacin, at levels 2 to 3-fold higher than recommended, was evaluated as a measure to promote skin health and antioxidant defense in European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax, fry. For this purpose, fish survival, growth performance, fin and skin erosions as well as whole-fish antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, selenium (Se)-independent and dependent glutathione peroxidase) were assessed. Moreover, bacterial load in the rearing water and skin mucus were evaluated to assess the potential of the dietary micronutrient mixture as a preventive from natural infections. A group fed with a diet including these micronutrients at recommended levels served as a control. Surplus of these micronutrients significantly reduced the percentage of fish with eroded fins, while also induced the activity of catalase and Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase. Fish growth and bacterial loads in the water and fish skin mucus were not affected, whereas no skin lesions were observed. Overall, a mineral- and vitamin-supplemented diet at levels higher than recommended seems to act as a promotor of skin health and prevent from fin erosions, potentially through an increase in the antioxidant defense system.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dietary micronutrient supplementation can serve as skin health promotor to prevent from natural infections and can be applied to decrease the use of antibacterial agents and their impact on the environment. Such supplementation has indicated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in farmed fish. In this study, dietary supplementation of zinc, selenium, ascorbic acid and niacin, at levels 2 to 3-fold higher than recommended, was evaluated as a measure to promote skin health and antioxidant defense in European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax, fry. For this purpose, fish survival, growth performance, fin and skin erosions as well as whole-fish antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, selenium (Se)-independent and dependent glutathione peroxidase) were assessed. Moreover, bacterial load in the rearing water and skin mucus were evaluated to assess the potential of the dietary micronutrient mixture as a preventive from natural infections. A group fed with a diet including these micronutrients at recommended levels served as a control. Surplus of these micronutrients significantly reduced the percentage of fish with eroded fins, while also induced the activity of catalase and Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase. Fish growth and bacterial loads in the water and fish skin mucus were not affected, whereas no skin lesions were observed. Overall, a mineral- and vitamin-supplemented diet at levels higher than recommended seems to act as a promotor of skin health and prevent from fin erosions, potentially through an increase in the antioxidant defense system.
2017
Kokou, F; Sarropoulou, E; Cotou, E; Kentouri, M; Alexis, M; Rigos, G
In: Fish and Shellfish Immunology, vol. 64, pp. 111–121, 2017, ISSN: 10504648, (Publisher: Academic Press).
@article{kokou_effects_2017,
title = {Effects of graded dietary levels of soy protein concentrate supplemented with methionine and phosphate on the immune and antioxidant responses of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)},
author = {F Kokou and E Sarropoulou and E Cotou and M Kentouri and M Alexis and G Rigos},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015366036&doi=10.1016%2fj.fsi.2017.03.017&partnerID=40&md5=248a8c59f873e9dfc679de05a6cbcdfb},
doi = {10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.017},
issn = {10504648},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Fish and Shellfish Immunology},
volume = {64},
pages = {111--121},
abstract = {The effects of a dietary soy protein concentrate (SPC) as a fish meal (FM) substitute, on selected innate immune responses, the oxidative status, hepatic and intestinal morphology of gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata, were evaluated after a three-month feeding trial. Isonitrogenous (45% crude protein) and isoenergetic (23 kJ/g gross energy) diets with 20% (SPC20), 40% (SPC40) and 60% (SPC60) of SPC inclusion, supplemented with methionine and phosphate, were evaluated against a diet containing FM as the sole protein source. Diets were allocated in triplicate groups of 26-g fish (8 kg m−3/tank) and administered for three months. Immune responses were evaluated by performing immunological assays in blood (respiratory burst activity) and serum (myeloperoxidase content, bacteriolytic and lysozyme activity), as well as by gene expression analysis of immune-associated genes (MHCIIα, β2m, CSF-1R, NCCRP-1, TGF-β1, HSP70) in the head kidney and distal intestine. In addition, oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the activity of liver enzymes associated with the antioxidant system. The respiratory burst activity of blood was significantly decreased in the SPC40 group, while serum myeloperoxidase content and bacteriolytic and lysozyme activities were affected. Significantly higher expression levels of NCCRP-1 and HSP70 were found in SPC60 head kidneys, while increased intestinal MHCIIα and NCCRP-1 transcripts were observed in SPC40. Hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity of glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase was significantly enhanced in the SPC40 and SPC60 groups, while superoxide dismutase activity was increased only in the SPC40 group. Moreover, increased lipid accumulation in the enterocytes of the distal intestine was observed in the SPC60 group. Overall, a three-month feeding period with diets over 40% of dietary SPC inclusion as a FM substitute, indicated increases on immune and antioxidant enzyme responses, suggesting the dietary SPC levels that gilthead sea bream can tolerate. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},
note = {Publisher: Academic Press},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The effects of a dietary soy protein concentrate (SPC) as a fish meal (FM) substitute, on selected innate immune responses, the oxidative status, hepatic and intestinal morphology of gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata, were evaluated after a three-month feeding trial. Isonitrogenous (45% crude protein) and isoenergetic (23 kJ/g gross energy) diets with 20% (SPC20), 40% (SPC40) and 60% (SPC60) of SPC inclusion, supplemented with methionine and phosphate, were evaluated against a diet containing FM as the sole protein source. Diets were allocated in triplicate groups of 26-g fish (8 kg m−3/tank) and administered for three months. Immune responses were evaluated by performing immunological assays in blood (respiratory burst activity) and serum (myeloperoxidase content, bacteriolytic and lysozyme activity), as well as by gene expression analysis of immune-associated genes (MHCIIα, β2m, CSF-1R, NCCRP-1, TGF-β1, HSP70) in the head kidney and distal intestine. In addition, oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the activity of liver enzymes associated with the antioxidant system. The respiratory burst activity of blood was significantly decreased in the SPC40 group, while serum myeloperoxidase content and bacteriolytic and lysozyme activities were affected. Significantly higher expression levels of NCCRP-1 and HSP70 were found in SPC60 head kidneys, while increased intestinal MHCIIα and NCCRP-1 transcripts were observed in SPC40. Hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity of glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase was significantly enhanced in the SPC40 and SPC60 groups, while superoxide dismutase activity was increased only in the SPC40 group. Moreover, increased lipid accumulation in the enterocytes of the distal intestine was observed in the SPC60 group. Overall, a three-month feeding period with diets over 40% of dietary SPC inclusion as a FM substitute, indicated increases on immune and antioxidant enzyme responses, suggesting the dietary SPC levels that gilthead sea bream can tolerate. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
2015
Kokou, F; Sarropoulou, E; Cotou, E; Rigos, G; Henry, M; Alexis, M; Kentouri, M
In: Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 115–128, 2015, ISSN: 08938849, (Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Inc.).
@article{kokou_effects_2015,
title = {Effects of fish meal replacement by a soybean protein on growth, histology, selected immune and oxidative status markers of gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata},
author = {F Kokou and E Sarropoulou and E Cotou and G Rigos and M Henry and M Alexis and M Kentouri},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84925962477&doi=10.1111%2fjwas.12181&partnerID=40&md5=8968f20ba7b477a763db252568770b94},
doi = {10.1111/jwas.12181},
issn = {08938849},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Journal of the World Aquaculture Society},
volume = {46},
number = {2},
pages = {115--128},
abstract = {The purpose of the trial was to study the impact of a 6-mo dietary administration of soybean protein on growth, liver and intestine morphology, immune response, and oxidative stress in gilthead sea bream. The immune response was evaluated by performing immunological assays in blood, head kidney (HK), or serum (respiratory burst activity [RBA], myeloperoxidase content and bacteriolytic activity) and gene expression analysis of immune-associated genes (MHCIIα [major histocompatibility complex IIα], β2m [β-2-microglobulin], CSF-1R [colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor], NCCRP-1 [nonspecific cytotoxic cell receptor protein 1], TGF-β1 [transforming growth factor beta-1], and HSP70 [heat-shock protein 70]) in HK and intestine. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the activity of liver enzymes associated with antioxidant system. The soybean protein was administrated in the diets at 20, 40, and 60% levels and its effects were evaluated compared with a fish meal diet. Growth and feed efficiency were affected negatively from 40% level. Increased RBA and expression levels of TGF-β1 and β2m were found in HK only at 40% level. In intestine, at 60% level CSF-1R expression was upregulated and some signs of inflammation were evident. In liver, at 60% level lipid accumulation in hepatocytes was observed and enzyme activity was increased. Dietary administration of soybean protein indicated changes from 40% in growth and immune response, and exerted an antioxidative effect at 60% level. © by the World Aquaculture Society 2015.},
note = {Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The purpose of the trial was to study the impact of a 6-mo dietary administration of soybean protein on growth, liver and intestine morphology, immune response, and oxidative stress in gilthead sea bream. The immune response was evaluated by performing immunological assays in blood, head kidney (HK), or serum (respiratory burst activity [RBA], myeloperoxidase content and bacteriolytic activity) and gene expression analysis of immune-associated genes (MHCIIα [major histocompatibility complex IIα], β2m [β-2-microglobulin], CSF-1R [colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor], NCCRP-1 [nonspecific cytotoxic cell receptor protein 1], TGF-β1 [transforming growth factor beta-1], and HSP70 [heat-shock protein 70]) in HK and intestine. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the activity of liver enzymes associated with antioxidant system. The soybean protein was administrated in the diets at 20, 40, and 60% levels and its effects were evaluated compared with a fish meal diet. Growth and feed efficiency were affected negatively from 40% level. Increased RBA and expression levels of TGF-β1 and β2m were found in HK only at 40% level. In intestine, at 60% level CSF-1R expression was upregulated and some signs of inflammation were evident. In liver, at 60% level lipid accumulation in hepatocytes was observed and enzyme activity was increased. Dietary administration of soybean protein indicated changes from 40% in growth and immune response, and exerted an antioxidative effect at 60% level. © by the World Aquaculture Society 2015.
2013
Cotou, E; Tsangaris, C; Henry, M
Comparative study of biochemical and immunological biomarkers in three marine bivalves exposed at a polluted site Journal Article
In: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 1812–1822, 2013, ISSN: 09441344.
@article{cotou_comparative_2013,
title = {Comparative study of biochemical and immunological biomarkers in three marine bivalves exposed at a polluted site},
author = {E Cotou and C Tsangaris and M Henry},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84874322576&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-012-1150-3&partnerID=40&md5=df1b5b97f643a90c262b2b7c27443e42},
doi = {10.1007/s11356-012-1150-3},
issn = {09441344},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},
volume = {20},
number = {3},
pages = {1812--1822},
abstract = {A battery of biochemical and immunological biomarkers used for pollution assessment were measured for first time in the clams Venus verrucosa and Callista chione and were compared with those of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, a well-established indicator organism utilized in numerous environmental monitoring programs. Clams and mussel were transplanted at a polluted and a reference site or maintained at the laboratory. Among biochemical biomarkers, acetylcholinesterase did not differ at the polluted site in all species, but there was a significant difference between the mussel and the clams, glutathione S-transferase showed a clear inhibition at the polluted site in all species and a significant difference between the two clams was also indicated, while catalase activities were increased only in V. verrucosa at the polluted site and not in mussel or the other clam. Immunological biomarkers responses were also pronounced at the polluted site. Lysozyme activity was species-dependent whereas respiratory burst activity measured as luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) was site and stimulus dependent, and it was evident in M. galloprovincialis and V. verrucosa and not in C. chione. Further investigation focused on biochemical and immunological biomarkers related with the oxidative mechanisms in clams will strengthen and expand their use as bioindicators for pollution assessment. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A battery of biochemical and immunological biomarkers used for pollution assessment were measured for first time in the clams Venus verrucosa and Callista chione and were compared with those of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, a well-established indicator organism utilized in numerous environmental monitoring programs. Clams and mussel were transplanted at a polluted and a reference site or maintained at the laboratory. Among biochemical biomarkers, acetylcholinesterase did not differ at the polluted site in all species, but there was a significant difference between the mussel and the clams, glutathione S-transferase showed a clear inhibition at the polluted site in all species and a significant difference between the two clams was also indicated, while catalase activities were increased only in V. verrucosa at the polluted site and not in mussel or the other clam. Immunological biomarkers responses were also pronounced at the polluted site. Lysozyme activity was species-dependent whereas respiratory burst activity measured as luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) was site and stimulus dependent, and it was evident in M. galloprovincialis and V. verrucosa and not in C. chione. Further investigation focused on biochemical and immunological biomarkers related with the oxidative mechanisms in clams will strengthen and expand their use as bioindicators for pollution assessment. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.
Rigos, G; Zonaras, V; Nikoloudaki, X; Cotou, E; Henry, M; Varo, I; Alexis, M
Distribution and depletion of sulfadiazine after a multiple per os dosing in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed two different diets Journal Article
In: Mediterranean Marine Science, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 377–383, 2013, ISSN: 1108393X.
@article{rigos_distribution_2013,
title = {Distribution and depletion of sulfadiazine after a multiple per os dosing in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed two different diets},
author = {G Rigos and V Zonaras and X Nikoloudaki and E Cotou and M Henry and I Varo and M Alexis},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84880738781&doi=10.12681%2fmms.490&partnerID=40&md5=4c0455add70b6cdc2410df863d88cc13},
doi = {10.12681/mms.490},
issn = {1108393X},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Mediterranean Marine Science},
volume = {14},
number = {2},
pages = {377--383},
abstract = {The distribution and depletion profile of sulfadiazine (SDZ) were investigated in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed on fish oil (FO) or plant oil-based (PO) diets. Fish averaging 230 g were given medicated feed containing 25 mg SDZ kg-1 fish for 5 days at 24-26°C. Blood and muscle plus skin were sampled on days 1, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9. Differences in plasma and fillet SDZ levels between the two groups were statistically insignificant. The maximum drug concentrations in plasma were 3.2 ± 1.9 μg mL-1 and 2.9 ± 1.2 μg mL-1 in the PO and FO groups, respectively. In post-medicated samples depletion rapidly reached concentrations close to the level of quantification at 72 h post medication. Withdrawal times to reach consumer safety levels were calculated to be 103 and 118 h for the FO and the PO groups, respectively. N4-acetylation was found to be the major metabolic pathway of SDZ in gilthead sea bream fillet accounting for 23 and 19% of the parent compound in the FO and the PO groups, respectively. Overall, alteration of the dietary lipid profile induced insignificant effects on the kinetics of SDZ. The high tissue SDZ levels during medication and the fast removal of the parent compound and its metabolites from edible tissues of gilthead sea bream reflect a promising antibacterial profile.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The distribution and depletion profile of sulfadiazine (SDZ) were investigated in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed on fish oil (FO) or plant oil-based (PO) diets. Fish averaging 230 g were given medicated feed containing 25 mg SDZ kg-1 fish for 5 days at 24-26°C. Blood and muscle plus skin were sampled on days 1, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9. Differences in plasma and fillet SDZ levels between the two groups were statistically insignificant. The maximum drug concentrations in plasma were 3.2 ± 1.9 μg mL-1 and 2.9 ± 1.2 μg mL-1 in the PO and FO groups, respectively. In post-medicated samples depletion rapidly reached concentrations close to the level of quantification at 72 h post medication. Withdrawal times to reach consumer safety levels were calculated to be 103 and 118 h for the FO and the PO groups, respectively. N4-acetylation was found to be the major metabolic pathway of SDZ in gilthead sea bream fillet accounting for 23 and 19% of the parent compound in the FO and the PO groups, respectively. Overall, alteration of the dietary lipid profile induced insignificant effects on the kinetics of SDZ. The high tissue SDZ levels during medication and the fast removal of the parent compound and its metabolites from edible tissues of gilthead sea bream reflect a promising antibacterial profile.
Rigos, G; Fountoulaki, E; Cotou, E; Dotsika, E; Dourala, N; Karacostas, I
In: Aquaculture, vol. 408-409, pp. 15–19, 2013, ISSN: 00448486.
@article{rigos_tissue_2013,
title = {Tissue distribution and field evaluation of caprylic acid against natural infections of Sparicotyle chrysophrii in cage-reared gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata},
author = {G Rigos and E Fountoulaki and E Cotou and E Dotsika and N Dourala and I Karacostas},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84879045591&doi=10.1016%2fj.aquaculture.2013.05.012&partnerID=40&md5=854d10cee3a90f6421a7cccebe7a7cc7},
doi = {10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.05.012},
issn = {00448486},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Aquaculture},
volume = {408-409},
pages = {15--19},
abstract = {The potential anthelmintic efficacy of dietary caprylic acid against the monogenean Sparicotyle chrysophrii in cage-reared gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata was investigated in this study. The selection of caprylic acid dosing for the field trials was based on laboratory kinetic experiments performed at 20-21. °C water temperature. A single in-feed administration of 200 mg/kg fish showed a superior distribution profile compared to 100 mg/kg fish. Based on samplings performed from 0.5 to 24 h post administration, caprylic acid tissue levels were measured earlier and remained longer in gilthead sea bream serum, gills and skin after double dosing while they were significantly higher compared to low dosing tissue levels when measurable concentrations were observed at the same sampling points.Therapeutic application of caprylic acid was carried out for 60 d in two farming units with noticed S. chrysophrii infection and water temperature ranged from 15 to 22. °C. At the commence of the experiment in the first farm, prevalence (44-47%) and mean intensity (1.1-1.5 adults) of S. chrysophrii were low but both showed an increasing pattern while the experiment was progressing. At the final sampling, mean intensity was significantly reduced in fish treated with caprylic acid (6. ±. 2.6 vs 14.1. ±. 3.1), while growth remained unaffected. A higher infestation with S. chrysophrii was already established at the initiation of therapy in the second farm. Prevalence was 100% in both groups and intensity reached values up to 17 adults. Both parameters remained at high levels 30 and 60 d after the start of the trial. Growth and parasitic intensity between experimental groups were not significantly affected by caprylic acid treatment during the 2-month medication period.It is concluded that a dietary dosing of 200 mg caprylic acid/kg for 60 d can significantly affect S. chrysophrii intensity in cage-reared gilthead sea bream when treatment is implemented at the first disease stages. It is thus recommended that the progress of the disease should be continuously monitored in the farmed population during the production cycle and administration of caprylic acid should be initiated prior to the development of the infection. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The potential anthelmintic efficacy of dietary caprylic acid against the monogenean Sparicotyle chrysophrii in cage-reared gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata was investigated in this study. The selection of caprylic acid dosing for the field trials was based on laboratory kinetic experiments performed at 20-21. °C water temperature. A single in-feed administration of 200 mg/kg fish showed a superior distribution profile compared to 100 mg/kg fish. Based on samplings performed from 0.5 to 24 h post administration, caprylic acid tissue levels were measured earlier and remained longer in gilthead sea bream serum, gills and skin after double dosing while they were significantly higher compared to low dosing tissue levels when measurable concentrations were observed at the same sampling points.Therapeutic application of caprylic acid was carried out for 60 d in two farming units with noticed S. chrysophrii infection and water temperature ranged from 15 to 22. °C. At the commence of the experiment in the first farm, prevalence (44-47%) and mean intensity (1.1-1.5 adults) of S. chrysophrii were low but both showed an increasing pattern while the experiment was progressing. At the final sampling, mean intensity was significantly reduced in fish treated with caprylic acid (6. ±. 2.6 vs 14.1. ±. 3.1), while growth remained unaffected. A higher infestation with S. chrysophrii was already established at the initiation of therapy in the second farm. Prevalence was 100% in both groups and intensity reached values up to 17 adults. Both parameters remained at high levels 30 and 60 d after the start of the trial. Growth and parasitic intensity between experimental groups were not significantly affected by caprylic acid treatment during the 2-month medication period.It is concluded that a dietary dosing of 200 mg caprylic acid/kg for 60 d can significantly affect S. chrysophrii intensity in cage-reared gilthead sea bream when treatment is implemented at the first disease stages. It is thus recommended that the progress of the disease should be continuously monitored in the farmed population during the production cycle and administration of caprylic acid should be initiated prior to the development of the infection. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Rigos, G; Karagouni, E; Kyriazis, I; Athanasiou, E; Grigorakis, K; Kotou, E; Katharios, P
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinine in gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata naturally infected with the ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans Journal Article
In: Aquaculture, vol. 416-417, pp. 185–191, 2013, ISSN: 00448486.
@article{rigos_vitro_2013,
title = {In vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinine in gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata naturally infected with the ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans},
author = {G Rigos and E Karagouni and I Kyriazis and E Athanasiou and K Grigorakis and E Kotou and P Katharios},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84884939051&doi=10.1016%2fj.aquaculture.2013.09.021&partnerID=40&md5=0f7732d82be918191ceed6ca9f8115d8},
doi = {10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.09.021},
issn = {00448486},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Aquaculture},
volume = {416-417},
pages = {185--191},
abstract = {The use of quinine as a potential antiparasitic compound was evaluated at cellular level and in naturally infected gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata with the ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans. Quinine concentrations up to 10. μg/ml (30. μΜ) did not exhibit any in vitro hemolytic or pro-apoptotic effects on red blood cells or head kidney macrophages, respectively. Dietary administration of quinine in gilthead sea bream at a concentration of 100. mg/kg fish for 10. days was incomplete due to palatability problems after the fifth day post treatment. A decreasing distribution profile of quinine was evident in the analyzed tissues even during the period where quinine consumption was supposedly ensured. The highest concentrations were measured on day 1 reaching 8.98. ±. 3.85. μg/ml (27. μΜ), 1.33. ±. 0.45. μg/g and 0.75. ±. 0.48. μg/g in plasma, skin and gills respectively. Quinine was rapidly removed from the tissue compartment while it remained at low concentration in fish circulation after therapy. A 100% C. irritans prevalence was accompanied with no mortalities during the experiment. Parasitic intensity, measured as trophont number, was significantly reduced in quinine-treated fish at the first sampling point (3rd day: 8. ±. 0.8 vs 11. ±. 2.6), while no statistical differences were observed thereafter. A significant reduction in plasma glucose level was also observed at the same time point. Organoleptic evaluation in fillets, showed no difference in the flesh bitterness between quinine-treated and control fish.In conclusion, quinine has no cytotoxic effect on the assessed fish cells and is adequately absorbed in circulation, affecting the glycemic level but its distribution to the targeted tissues by the ciliate tissues is relatively small. Quinine significantly reduced C. irritans' intensity in lightly-infected gilthead sea bream. The sensory attributes of quinine-treated fish are not affected by the treatment. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The use of quinine as a potential antiparasitic compound was evaluated at cellular level and in naturally infected gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata with the ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans. Quinine concentrations up to 10. μg/ml (30. μΜ) did not exhibit any in vitro hemolytic or pro-apoptotic effects on red blood cells or head kidney macrophages, respectively. Dietary administration of quinine in gilthead sea bream at a concentration of 100. mg/kg fish for 10. days was incomplete due to palatability problems after the fifth day post treatment. A decreasing distribution profile of quinine was evident in the analyzed tissues even during the period where quinine consumption was supposedly ensured. The highest concentrations were measured on day 1 reaching 8.98. ±. 3.85. μg/ml (27. μΜ), 1.33. ±. 0.45. μg/g and 0.75. ±. 0.48. μg/g in plasma, skin and gills respectively. Quinine was rapidly removed from the tissue compartment while it remained at low concentration in fish circulation after therapy. A 100% C. irritans prevalence was accompanied with no mortalities during the experiment. Parasitic intensity, measured as trophont number, was significantly reduced in quinine-treated fish at the first sampling point (3rd day: 8. ±. 0.8 vs 11. ±. 2.6), while no statistical differences were observed thereafter. A significant reduction in plasma glucose level was also observed at the same time point. Organoleptic evaluation in fillets, showed no difference in the flesh bitterness between quinine-treated and control fish.In conclusion, quinine has no cytotoxic effect on the assessed fish cells and is adequately absorbed in circulation, affecting the glycemic level but its distribution to the targeted tissues by the ciliate tissues is relatively small. Quinine significantly reduced C. irritans' intensity in lightly-infected gilthead sea bream. The sensory attributes of quinine-treated fish are not affected by the treatment. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
2012
Cotou, E; Henry, M; Zeri, C; Rigos, G; Torreblanca, A; Catsiki, V -A
In: Chemosphere, vol. 89, pp. 1091 – 1097, 2012.
@article{cotou_short-term_2012,
title = {Short-term exposure of the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax to copper-based antifouling treated nets: Copper bioavailability and biomarkers responses},
author = {E Cotou and M Henry and C Zeri and G Rigos and A Torreblanca and V -A Catsiki},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84865737122&partnerID=40&md5=756a3c35cf896d33539cf359b2ee5701},
doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.075},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Chemosphere},
volume = {89},
pages = {1091 -- 1097},
abstract = {We studied if the levels of copper released from antifouling treated nets used in finfish mariculture could affect the immune defense mechanism and/or induce oxidative stress in Dicentrarchus labrax, after short term exposure in laboratory experiments. Dissolved copper concentration released from the treated nets, copper bioavailability and a set of biomarkers responses were measured. Biomarkers included hemoglobin concentration, activities of lysozyme, total complement, respiratory burst, glutathione S-transferase and acetycholinesterase and concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Results indicated elevated copper concentration in seawater (184μgL-1) but low concentration in muscle (1.5μgg-1) and liver (117μgg-1). Copper bioavailability was independent of copper complexes with dissolved organic carbon. However, formation of copper complexes with other matrices could neither be excluded nor justified. The released copper from the treated nets did not induce oxidative stress but affected the immediate immune defense mechanism of the exposed fish making them more easily vulnerable to diseases. Consequently, copper-based antifouling treated nets could be a risk factor for D. labrax health. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We studied if the levels of copper released from antifouling treated nets used in finfish mariculture could affect the immune defense mechanism and/or induce oxidative stress in Dicentrarchus labrax, after short term exposure in laboratory experiments. Dissolved copper concentration released from the treated nets, copper bioavailability and a set of biomarkers responses were measured. Biomarkers included hemoglobin concentration, activities of lysozyme, total complement, respiratory burst, glutathione S-transferase and acetycholinesterase and concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Results indicated elevated copper concentration in seawater (184μgL-1) but low concentration in muscle (1.5μgg-1) and liver (117μgg-1). Copper bioavailability was independent of copper complexes with dissolved organic carbon. However, formation of copper complexes with other matrices could neither be excluded nor justified. The released copper from the treated nets did not induce oxidative stress but affected the immediate immune defense mechanism of the exposed fish making them more easily vulnerable to diseases. Consequently, copper-based antifouling treated nets could be a risk factor for D. labrax health. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Tsangaris, C; Cotou, E; Hatzianestis, I; Catsiki, V A
Antropogenic Impacts in a Protected Estuary (Amvrakikos Gulf, Greece) Book Section
In: Estusries:Types, Movement, Patterns and Climatical Impacts, pp. 149–175, Nova Science, 2012, ISBN: 978-1-60876-859-2, (Backup Publisher: Nova Science Section: Antropogenic Impacts in a Protected Estuary (Amvrakikos Gulf, Greece)).
@incollection{tsangaris_antropogenic_2012,
title = {Antropogenic Impacts in a Protected Estuary (Amvrakikos Gulf, Greece)},
author = {C Tsangaris and E Cotou and I Hatzianestis and V A Catsiki},
isbn = {978-1-60876-859-2},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
booktitle = {Estusries:Types, Movement, Patterns and Climatical Impacts},
pages = {149--175},
publisher = {Nova Science},
note = {Backup Publisher: Nova Science
Section: Antropogenic Impacts in a Protected Estuary (Amvrakikos Gulf, Greece)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Rigos, G; Zonaras, V; Cotou, E; Henry, M; Nikoloudaki, X; Alexis, M
Dietary fish oil replacement does not alter quinolone uptake in gilthead seabream Journal Article
In: Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, vol. 32, pp. 94 – 102, 2012.
@article{rigos_dietary_2012,
title = {Dietary fish oil replacement does not alter quinolone uptake in gilthead seabream},
author = {G Rigos and V Zonaras and E Cotou and M Henry and X Nikoloudaki and M Alexis},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84862734496&partnerID=40&md5=d73786c730ef0aecbefe7d2fd30181f7},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists},
volume = {32},
pages = {94 -- 102},
abstract = {The effects of fish oil replacement on the availability of oxolinic acid (OA) and flumequine (FLU) were investigated in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Two experimental feeds were used containing 15% (FO diet) or 5% fish oil (VO diet), the later replaced by rapeseed, linseed and palm oil. Fish received through the diet a dosage of 30 or 75 mg OA/kg fish for 7 days at 26°C water temperature. FLU was administered at 30 mg/kg fish for 5 days at 26 or 13°C. Fish given FO diets showed insignificantly higher OA plasma levels compared to those receiving VO feeds. Maximum OA plasma concentrations were measured to be 0.13 and 0.08 ug/ml for the FO and VO groups, respectively at standard dosage. A small increase of OA levels in plasma was observed in FO and VO group (0.14 vs.0.13 μg/ml) when fish were administered double drug dosing. Circulatory FLU levels were also measured to be low and insignificantly different between the two groups at the low water temperature. They were higher compared to those measured at 26°C with peaked concentrations of 0.15 and 0.17 μg/ml for FO and VO groups, respectively vs. 0.085 and 0.083 μg/ ml at 13 °C. Overall, low quinolone levels were measured in circulation of gilthead sea bream fed alternative diets. Reduction of the dietary fish oil level induced insignificant effects on the uptake of OA and FLU in this species.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The effects of fish oil replacement on the availability of oxolinic acid (OA) and flumequine (FLU) were investigated in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). Two experimental feeds were used containing 15% (FO diet) or 5% fish oil (VO diet), the later replaced by rapeseed, linseed and palm oil. Fish received through the diet a dosage of 30 or 75 mg OA/kg fish for 7 days at 26°C water temperature. FLU was administered at 30 mg/kg fish for 5 days at 26 or 13°C. Fish given FO diets showed insignificantly higher OA plasma levels compared to those receiving VO feeds. Maximum OA plasma concentrations were measured to be 0.13 and 0.08 ug/ml for the FO and VO groups, respectively at standard dosage. A small increase of OA levels in plasma was observed in FO and VO group (0.14 vs.0.13 μg/ml) when fish were administered double drug dosing. Circulatory FLU levels were also measured to be low and insignificantly different between the two groups at the low water temperature. They were higher compared to those measured at 26°C with peaked concentrations of 0.15 and 0.17 μg/ml for FO and VO groups, respectively vs. 0.085 and 0.083 μg/ ml at 13 °C. Overall, low quinolone levels were measured in circulation of gilthead sea bream fed alternative diets. Reduction of the dietary fish oil level induced insignificant effects on the uptake of OA and FLU in this species.
2011
Karaouzas, Ioannis; Cotou, Efthimia; Albanis, Triantafyllos A; Kamarianos, Athanasios; Skoulikidis, Nikolaos T; Giannakou, Urania
Bioassays and biochemical biomarkers for assessing olive mill and citrus processing wastewater toxicity Journal Article
In: Environmental Toxicology, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 669–676, 2011, ISSN: 15204081.
@article{karaouzas_bioassays_2011,
title = {Bioassays and biochemical biomarkers for assessing olive mill and citrus processing wastewater toxicity},
author = {Ioannis Karaouzas and Efthimia Cotou and Triantafyllos A Albanis and Athanasios Kamarianos and Nikolaos T Skoulikidis and Urania Giannakou},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tox.20606},
doi = {10.1002/tox.20606},
issn = {15204081},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-11-01},
urldate = {2020-08-17},
journal = {Environmental Toxicology},
volume = {26},
number = {6},
pages = {669--676},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2010
Rigos, G; Samartzis, A; Henry, M; Fountoulaki, E; Cotou, E; Sweetman, J; Davies, S; Nengas, I
Effects of additive iron on growth, tissue distribution, haematology and immunology of gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata Journal Article
In: Aquaculture International, vol. 18, pp. 1093 – 1104, 2010.
@article{rigos_effects_2010,
title = {Effects of additive iron on growth, tissue distribution, haematology and immunology of gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata},
author = {G Rigos and A Samartzis and M Henry and E Fountoulaki and E Cotou and J Sweetman and S Davies and I Nengas},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957281268&partnerID=40&md5=cb00eeaf070421b4b6c73322441a8834},
doi = {10.1007/s10499-010-9326-7},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Aquaculture International},
volume = {18},
pages = {1093 -- 1104},
abstract = {The comparative effects of iron-supplemented levels on growth, tissue distribution, haematology and immunology of gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata (2 g) were investigated, using four organic (50, 100, 200, 300 mg ORG/kg diet) and one inorganic iron source (200 INOR mg/kg diet). Fish were treated for 12 weeks with the experimental diets and maintained at a water temperature of 19-22°C. Growth (final weight and specific growth rate), tissue distribution (spleen, liver and muscle), haematological parameters (red blood cells, haematocrit, haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration) and non-specific immune indexes (respiratory burst activity and antibacterial activity of serum) were analysed. No significant differences were found in growth and iron tissue distribution among the tested groups. Red blood cell counting was statistically higher in fish given 50 ORG, 100 ORG, 200 ORG and 200 INOR feeds. However, haematocrit, haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were not significantly affected by increasing dietary iron. Fish receiving the 100 ORG diet had the best performance with respect to the respiratory burst activity and significantly higher values for antibacterial activity of serum were obtained in fish fed with the 300 ORG diet. The present findings provided no clear evidence of the optimum iron concentration. However, there was adequate indication that iron supplementation enhanced the performance of gilthead sea bream, mainly from a haematological and immunological point of view. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The comparative effects of iron-supplemented levels on growth, tissue distribution, haematology and immunology of gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata (2 g) were investigated, using four organic (50, 100, 200, 300 mg ORG/kg diet) and one inorganic iron source (200 INOR mg/kg diet). Fish were treated for 12 weeks with the experimental diets and maintained at a water temperature of 19-22°C. Growth (final weight and specific growth rate), tissue distribution (spleen, liver and muscle), haematological parameters (red blood cells, haematocrit, haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration) and non-specific immune indexes (respiratory burst activity and antibacterial activity of serum) were analysed. No significant differences were found in growth and iron tissue distribution among the tested groups. Red blood cell counting was statistically higher in fish given 50 ORG, 100 ORG, 200 ORG and 200 INOR feeds. However, haematocrit, haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were not significantly affected by increasing dietary iron. Fish receiving the 100 ORG diet had the best performance with respect to the respiratory burst activity and significantly higher values for antibacterial activity of serum were obtained in fish fed with the 300 ORG diet. The present findings provided no clear evidence of the optimum iron concentration. However, there was adequate indication that iron supplementation enhanced the performance of gilthead sea bream, mainly from a haematological and immunological point of view. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Tsangaris, C; Cotou, E; Papathanassiou, E; Nicolaidou, A
Assessment of contaminant impacts in a semi-enclosed estuary (Amvrakikos Gulf, NW Greece): Bioenergetics and biochemical biomarkers in mussels Journal Article
In: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 161, pp. 259 – 269, 2010.
@article{tsangaris_assessment_2010,
title = {Assessment of contaminant impacts in a semi-enclosed estuary (Amvrakikos Gulf, NW Greece): Bioenergetics and biochemical biomarkers in mussels},
author = {C Tsangaris and E Cotou and E Papathanassiou and A Nicolaidou},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-74349084794&partnerID=40&md5=cf58a401a18bc2f4e543b94bb65d72aa},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment},
volume = {161},
pages = {259 -- 269},
abstract = {A combination of bioenergetics and biochemical biomarkers in mussels was applied to assess possible pollution impacts in a protected semi-enclosed estuary (Amvrakikos Gulf, NW Greece) that receives pesticide discharges through riverine transport. Scope for growth, a physiological condition index representing the energy budget of the organism, was applied to detect general stress effects on the health status of mussels. The low energy budgets of mussels revealed stress conditions and provided early warning signals of possible consequences at higher levels of biological organization. Biochemical markers of exposure confirmed a risk of pesticide contamination. Decreased acetylcholinesterase activities indicated exposure to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Responses of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase suggested the presence of contaminants capable of reactive oxygen species production that could be related to organochlorine pesticide contamination in the area. On the other hand, metallothionein levels implied low metal contamination. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A combination of bioenergetics and biochemical biomarkers in mussels was applied to assess possible pollution impacts in a protected semi-enclosed estuary (Amvrakikos Gulf, NW Greece) that receives pesticide discharges through riverine transport. Scope for growth, a physiological condition index representing the energy budget of the organism, was applied to detect general stress effects on the health status of mussels. The low energy budgets of mussels revealed stress conditions and provided early warning signals of possible consequences at higher levels of biological organization. Biochemical markers of exposure confirmed a risk of pesticide contamination. Decreased acetylcholinesterase activities indicated exposure to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Responses of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase suggested the presence of contaminants capable of reactive oxygen species production that could be related to organochlorine pesticide contamination in the area. On the other hand, metallothionein levels implied low metal contamination. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
2007
Tsangaris, C; Papathanasiou, E; Cotou, E
Assessment of the impact of heavy metal pollution from a ferro-nickel smelting plant using biomarkers Journal Article
In: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, vol. 66, pp. 232 – 243, 2007.
@article{tsangaris_assessment_2007,
title = {Assessment of the impact of heavy metal pollution from a ferro-nickel smelting plant using biomarkers},
author = {C Tsangaris and E Papathanasiou and E Cotou},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33751520251&partnerID=40&md5=f401661c183c1c78edab4a94601943ba},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},
volume = {66},
pages = {232 -- 243},
abstract = {A set of biomarkers was used to assess the impact of heavy metal pollution by a ferro-nickel smelting plant in Larymna bay (North Evoikos Gulf, Greece). These included a biomarker reflecting health status of an organism (scope for growth, SFG), a cellular biomarker of heavy metal exposure (composition of metal-containing granules), and two biochemical biomarkers reflecting oxidative stress (glutathione peroxidase, GPX) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, AChE) measured in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) both native and transplanted for 1 and 6 months at the coastal area of Larymna. All biomarkers in mussels at Larymna revealed differences from mussels at a reference site, signaling effects of the increased heavy metal levels on the biota. While effects on SFG and GPX in Larymna mussels were obvious on short-term exposure and persistent during chronic exposure, only chronic exposure induced a possibly cumulative effect on AChE. To validate the causal relationship between heavy metal exposure and effects observed in Larymna, SFG, GPX, and ACHE were examined in mussels exposed to a mixture of heavy metals (Ni, Cr, and Fe) under controlled laboratory conditions. The laboratory experiment verified the causal relationship between SFG and GPX responses and heavy metals but this was not demonstrated for AChE. Results from field-collected and laboratory-exposed mussels indicated a potential of GPX as predictive biomarker of population-level effects of heavy metal exposure. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A set of biomarkers was used to assess the impact of heavy metal pollution by a ferro-nickel smelting plant in Larymna bay (North Evoikos Gulf, Greece). These included a biomarker reflecting health status of an organism (scope for growth, SFG), a cellular biomarker of heavy metal exposure (composition of metal-containing granules), and two biochemical biomarkers reflecting oxidative stress (glutathione peroxidase, GPX) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, AChE) measured in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) both native and transplanted for 1 and 6 months at the coastal area of Larymna. All biomarkers in mussels at Larymna revealed differences from mussels at a reference site, signaling effects of the increased heavy metal levels on the biota. While effects on SFG and GPX in Larymna mussels were obvious on short-term exposure and persistent during chronic exposure, only chronic exposure induced a possibly cumulative effect on AChE. To validate the causal relationship between heavy metal exposure and effects observed in Larymna, SFG, GPX, and ACHE were examined in mussels exposed to a mixture of heavy metals (Ni, Cr, and Fe) under controlled laboratory conditions. The laboratory experiment verified the causal relationship between SFG and GPX responses and heavy metals but this was not demonstrated for AChE. Results from field-collected and laboratory-exposed mussels indicated a potential of GPX as predictive biomarker of population-level effects of heavy metal exposure. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
2005
Cotou, E; Gremare, A; Charles, F; Hatzianestis, I; Sklivagou, E
Potential toxicity of resuspended particulate matter and sediments: Environmental samples from the Bay of Banyuls-sur-Mer and Thermaikos Gulf Journal Article
In: Continental Shelf Research, vol. 25, no. 19-20, pp. 2521–2532, 2005, ISSN: 02784343.
@article{cotou_potential_2005,
title = {Potential toxicity of resuspended particulate matter and sediments: Environmental samples from the Bay of Banyuls-sur-Mer and Thermaikos Gulf},
author = {E Cotou and A Gremare and F Charles and I Hatzianestis and E Sklivagou},
url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0278434305001445},
doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2005.08.005},
issn = {02784343},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-12-01},
urldate = {2020-08-18},
journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
volume = {25},
number = {19-20},
pages = {2521--2532},
abstract = {This contribution attempts to determine whether, and to what degree, environmental samples of resuspended particulate matter and sediments exert a toxicological impact. Further, an attempt is made also to screen the toxic level of potentially hazardous sites, based upon established sediment toxicity criteria. Therefore, a rapid, cost-effective and highly sensitive biotest (bioluminescence assay, based upon marine bacteria) has been applied on: biological fluid extracts; bottom sediments; and sediment trap samples. Samples were taken either from the Bay of Banyuls-sur-Mer (northwestern Mediterranean, France) or Thermaikos Gulf (northeastern Mediterranean, Greece). Biological fluid extracts and sediment trap samples corresponded to periods of resuspension events, or preceding and following such events. The results have revealed that the sampling strategy and biotest implemented in this study might be a useful tool for screening the toxicity of resuspended matter and sediments. Resuspension events appear to be able to exert an influence on the chemical forms of the micro-pollutants; thus on their bioavailability and toxicity. Nevertheless, based upon chemical analysis combined with the bioassay, the toxic level of the sediment samples could be determined, with the level at potentially hazardous sites being characterised. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This contribution attempts to determine whether, and to what degree, environmental samples of resuspended particulate matter and sediments exert a toxicological impact. Further, an attempt is made also to screen the toxic level of potentially hazardous sites, based upon established sediment toxicity criteria. Therefore, a rapid, cost-effective and highly sensitive biotest (bioluminescence assay, based upon marine bacteria) has been applied on: biological fluid extracts; bottom sediments; and sediment trap samples. Samples were taken either from the Bay of Banyuls-sur-Mer (northwestern Mediterranean, France) or Thermaikos Gulf (northeastern Mediterranean, Greece). Biological fluid extracts and sediment trap samples corresponded to periods of resuspension events, or preceding and following such events. The results have revealed that the sampling strategy and biotest implemented in this study might be a useful tool for screening the toxicity of resuspended matter and sediments. Resuspension events appear to be able to exert an influence on the chemical forms of the micro-pollutants; thus on their bioavailability and toxicity. Nevertheless, based upon chemical analysis combined with the bioassay, the toxic level of the sediment samples could be determined, with the level at potentially hazardous sites being characterised. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
2002
Cotou, E; Papathanassiou, E; Tsangaris, C
In: Environmental Pollution, vol. 119, pp. 141 – 149, 2002.
@article{cotou_assessing_2002,
title = {Assessing the quality of marine coastal environments: Comparison of scope for growth and Microtox® bioassay results of pollution gradient areas in eastern Mediterranean (Greece)},
author = {E Cotou and E Papathanassiou and C Tsangaris},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036009842&partnerID=40&md5=e98eb4f218cec741ee061ca438d806b2},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Environmental Pollution},
volume = {119},
pages = {141 -- 149},
abstract = {Methods for assessing the quality of marine coastal environments are numerous and rapidly evolving. The integration of physiological parameters termed as Scope for Growth (SfG) and the luminescent bioassay Microtox® were applied in several sites of Saronikos and Amvrakikos Gulfs (Greece) to assess the environmental quality and compare the results of the two methods. Each site in the two areas undergoes different types and levels of pollution. Both methods could identify a pollution gradient reflecting the quality of each site. A very good linear correlation was noticed between the two methods (r=0.98). The stress order, which was similar in both methods, exhibited the expected pollution gradient according to the pressure that each site undergoes. Results suggest that for screening and fast isolation of polluted sites before further analysis, the rapid and simple Microtox® assay could operate as an alternative to the more complex SfG method. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Methods for assessing the quality of marine coastal environments are numerous and rapidly evolving. The integration of physiological parameters termed as Scope for Growth (SfG) and the luminescent bioassay Microtox® were applied in several sites of Saronikos and Amvrakikos Gulfs (Greece) to assess the environmental quality and compare the results of the two methods. Each site in the two areas undergoes different types and levels of pollution. Both methods could identify a pollution gradient reflecting the quality of each site. A very good linear correlation was noticed between the two methods (r=0.98). The stress order, which was similar in both methods, exhibited the expected pollution gradient according to the pressure that each site undergoes. Results suggest that for screening and fast isolation of polluted sites before further analysis, the rapid and simple Microtox® assay could operate as an alternative to the more complex SfG method. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Tsangaris, C; Cotou, E; Papathanassiou, E
Multiple biomarker assessment for marine pollution: a case study to distinguish the type of pollutants in Amvrakikos gulf (Greece) Journal Article
In: Marine Environmental Research, vol. 54, pp. 845, 2002.
@article{tsangaris_multiple_2002,
title = {Multiple biomarker assessment for marine pollution: a case study to distinguish the type of pollutants in Amvrakikos gulf (Greece)},
author = {C Tsangaris and E Cotou and E Papathanassiou},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Marine Environmental Research},
volume = {54},
pages = {845},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Garriques, P; Narbonne, J F; Budzinski, H; Viarengo, A; Lehtonen, K; Bocquene, G; Andersen, O K; Peters, L; Lowe, D; Cajaraville, M P; E.Cotou,; Dimitriadis, V; Mnier, C; Porte, C; Auffret, M; Devillers, J; Hansen, P D; Fortlin, L; Koehler, A; Barsiene, J; Balk, L; Jenssen, B M; Savva, D; Rahmani, R; Schiedek, D; Vuorinen, P; Lang, T; Pempkowiak, J; Skorkowski, E; Yawetz, A; Gercken, J; Bolognesi, C; Depledge, M
Biological effects of environmental pollution in coastal marine ecosystems: The BEEP Project Journal Article
In: Marine Environmental Research, vol. 54, pp. 843–844, 2002.
@article{garriques_biological_2002,
title = {Biological effects of environmental pollution in coastal marine ecosystems: The BEEP Project},
author = {P Garriques and J F Narbonne and H Budzinski and A Viarengo and K Lehtonen and G Bocquene and O K Andersen and L Peters and D Lowe and M P Cajaraville and E.Cotou and V Dimitriadis and C Mnier and C Porte and M Auffret and J Devillers and P D Hansen and L Fortlin and A Koehler and J Barsiene and L Balk and B M Jenssen and D Savva and R Rahmani and D Schiedek and P Vuorinen and T Lang and J Pempkowiak and E Skorkowski and A Yawetz and J Gercken and C Bolognesi and M Depledge},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Marine Environmental Research},
volume = {54},
pages = {843--844},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2001
Cotou, E; Castritsi-Catharios, I; Moraitou-Apostolopoulou, M
Surfactant-based oil dispersant toxicity to developing nauplii of Artemia: Effects on ATPase enzymatic system Journal Article
In: Chemosphere, vol. 42, no. 8, pp. 959–964, 2001, ISSN: 00456535.
@article{cotou_surfactant-based_2001,
title = {Surfactant-based oil dispersant toxicity to developing nauplii of Artemia: Effects on ATPase enzymatic system},
author = {E Cotou and I Castritsi-Catharios and M Moraitou-Apostolopoulou},
url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0045653500001089},
doi = {10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00108-9},
issn = {00456535},
year = {2001},
date = {2001-03-01},
urldate = {2020-08-18},
journal = {Chemosphere},
volume = {42},
number = {8},
pages = {959--964},
abstract = {The paper deals with the toxicity of a surfactant-based oil dispersant to the ATPase activities of two naupliar stages of Artemia (instar I & II). Both instars were exposed to sub-lethal and lethal concentrations derived from acute toxicity data. The chosen concentrations were near to LOECs and NOECs. An eightfold difference indicated between the instars was instar-exposure time dependent. The most prominent effects were the inhibition and the stimulation of Na+/K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities, respectively. The cause of these effects was related to the dispersant components, the surfactants. The pattern stimulation/inhibition of Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities could be used to indicate toxic stress by surfactant-based oil dispersants since previous studies with other contaminants have shown different ATPase activity patterns. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The paper deals with the toxicity of a surfactant-based oil dispersant to the ATPase activities of two naupliar stages of Artemia (instar I & II). Both instars were exposed to sub-lethal and lethal concentrations derived from acute toxicity data. The chosen concentrations were near to LOECs and NOECs. An eightfold difference indicated between the instars was instar-exposure time dependent. The most prominent effects were the inhibition and the stimulation of Na+/K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities, respectively. The cause of these effects was related to the dispersant components, the surfactants. The pattern stimulation/inhibition of Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities could be used to indicate toxic stress by surfactant-based oil dispersants since previous studies with other contaminants have shown different ATPase activity patterns. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Cotou, E; Vagias, C; Rapti, T; Roussis, V
Metallothionein levels in the bivalves Callista chione and Venus verrucosa from two mediterranean sites Journal Article
In: Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences, vol. 56, pp. 848 – 852, 2001.
@article{cotou_metallothionein_2001,
title = {Metallothionein levels in the bivalves Callista chione and Venus verrucosa from two mediterranean sites},
author = {E Cotou and C Vagias and T Rapti and V Roussis},
url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034761822&partnerID=40&md5=ff39bcb4ee40c3f1b5d1f4520eb3454d},
year = {2001},
date = {2001-01-01},
journal = {Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences},
volume = {56},
pages = {848 -- 852},
abstract = {Metallothioneins levels (MTs) in the clams Callista chione and Venus verrucosa, collected from two coastal sites in Greece, were determined and quantified by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a spectrophotometric assay (Ellman’s reaction). SDS-PAGE separation in the digestive gland, which represents the hepato-pancreas in clams, demonstrated the presence of MTs similar to mammalian MT (rabbit liver Cd, Zn-thionein). No other SH-containing proteins apart from the MTs were detected. MT levels quantified by the Ellman’s reaction indicated seasonal variation for both species. The highest values were recorded in the spring and the lowest in the autumn. The seasonal variation and the differences in the MT levels of the two areas seem to be related to the reproductive cycle of the organisms as well as to abiotic factors of each area. Our results show that both C. chione and V. verrucosa have the potential to be used as biomarkers of metal pollution, provided that the influence of the external factors is safely quantified.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Metallothioneins levels (MTs) in the clams Callista chione and Venus verrucosa, collected from two coastal sites in Greece, were determined and quantified by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a spectrophotometric assay (Ellman’s reaction). SDS-PAGE separation in the digestive gland, which represents the hepato-pancreas in clams, demonstrated the presence of MTs similar to mammalian MT (rabbit liver Cd, Zn-thionein). No other SH-containing proteins apart from the MTs were detected. MT levels quantified by the Ellman’s reaction indicated seasonal variation for both species. The highest values were recorded in the spring and the lowest in the autumn. The seasonal variation and the differences in the MT levels of the two areas seem to be related to the reproductive cycle of the organisms as well as to abiotic factors of each area. Our results show that both C. chione and V. verrucosa have the potential to be used as biomarkers of metal pollution, provided that the influence of the external factors is safely quantified.
Garrigues, P; Narbonne, J F; Budzinski, H; Viarengo, A; Lehtonen, K; Bocquene, G; Anderen, O K; Peters, L; Lowe, D; Cajaraville, M P; Cotou, E; Minier, C; Auffret, M; Rahmani, R
Effets biologiques de la pollution environmentale dans les ecosystemes marins cotiers Journal Article
In: Journal de Recherche Océanographique, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 31–34, 2001.
@article{garrigues_effets_2001,
title = {Effets biologiques de la pollution environmentale dans les ecosystemes marins cotiers},
author = {P Garrigues and J F Narbonne and H Budzinski and A Viarengo and K Lehtonen and G Bocquene and O K Anderen and L Peters and D Lowe and M P Cajaraville and E Cotou and C Minier and M Auffret and R Rahmani},
year = {2001},
date = {2001-01-01},
journal = {Journal de Recherche Océanographique},
volume = {26},
number = {3},
pages = {31--34},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2000
Athanassopoulou, F; Cotou, E; Watsos, I; Giagnisi, M
Study of the bacteriostatic activity of an Artemia enrichment compound based on plant extracts from Angelica sp Journal Article
In: Bulletin of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, vol. 51, pp. 293–296, 2000.
@article{athanassopoulou_study_2000,
title = {Study of the bacteriostatic activity of an Artemia enrichment compound based on plant extracts from Angelica sp},
author = {F Athanassopoulou and E Cotou and I Watsos and M Giagnisi},
year = {2000},
date = {2000-01-01},
journal = {Bulletin of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society},
volume = {51},
pages = {293--296},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
1996
Machera, K; Cotou, E; Anastassiadou, P
Fenbutatin acute toxicity on Artemia nauplii: Effects of sublethal concentrations on ATPase activity Journal Article
In: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 159–164, 1996, ISSN: 0007-4861, 1432-0800.
@article{machera_fenbutatin_1996,
title = {Fenbutatin acute toxicity on Artemia nauplii: Effects of sublethal concentrations on ATPase activity},
author = {K Machera and E Cotou and P Anastassiadou},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s001289900023},
doi = {10.1007/s001289900023},
issn = {0007-4861, 1432-0800},
year = {1996},
date = {1996-01-01},
urldate = {2020-08-18},
journal = {Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology},
volume = {56},
number = {1},
pages = {159--164},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}